Archive for April 2023
III. Employment Services
1. Jobs : CTEP aims to help villagers in rural areas and the migrant workers
returning home from Thailand to find jobs in their own country. Since
2015, CTEP has worked closely with Cambodia government’s National
Employment Agency to hold more than 230 job fairs and recruitment
events with more than 29,000 participants. 5700 youth have found jobs
with CTEP’s direct help and more found jobs by themselves.
2. Training : Since 2019, German GIZ has assigned CTEP four vocational
projects and United Nations ILO has assigned CTEP two projects. These
projects are for students, migrant workers and farmers to gain job skills
and access to job market. The beneficiaries so far are 66 towns, 52
enterprises, 60 schools and 6362 trainees.
IV. Agriculture Services
Taiwan is advanced in agriculture and its weather is similar to that of
Southeast Asia. During 2018 ~ 2019, CTEP invited 48 people in 5 groups to
visit Taiwan for study, training and exhibition. Members of the delegations
include government officials, agricultural professionals and farmers.
Technology transfer, trade and investment between Taiwan and Cambodia
had been enhanced.
Ta Yaek learning Center
2. Online Education
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, CTEP has
offered online courses in English, Computer and Chinese. The CTEP
Online Chinese Classes are taught jointly by local Cambodian and
volunteers from Taiwan. After classes, students can watch video on
YouTube to learn by themselves.3. Education in Vietnam
In October 2018, TEP provided financial and technical supports for
computer education in a Primary School established by Chinese
Vietnamese. One year later, CTEP supported another high school where
nearly 40% of the students are Cambodian Vietnamese. Taiwanese
volunteers came to visit the schools and help solve students’ problems on
a regular basis. More than 700 students are currently learning computer
skills in the two schools.
Ta Yaek learning Center
The CTEP Education Program has a stated goal of improving Cambodia’s education system. We’ve been teaching foreign languages and eradicating digital illiteracy to children and young people in rural regions, where English and digital illiteracy are top priorities and essential for pursuing further education and finding good job opportunities in the industrial era and globalization. Since 2010, CTEP has opened 35 learning centers in several provinces, including Battambang, Siem Reap, Kampong Thom, Svay Rieng, Kampong Chhnang, Banteay Meanchey, and Phnom Penh, in partnership with partner organizations, pagodas, Catholic churches, commune halls, and public schools.
Our Education Program has been improved to work with general and technical high schools, including computer lessons that are aligned with the public school curriculum. The Co-Managed Learning Center is the name of this co-managed program (CLC). CTEP provides funding for the school’s computer and accessory requirements, as well as certain teacher allowances.
(By the end of 2020, ten CLCs have collaborated)Our program was halted in early 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The school closed and reopened multiple times, causing the students’ learning quality. The program has been modified for use in E-learning classes by CTEP.
Objectives of the Education Program
Narrow Digital Gap: Practical computer skills are taught to narrow the digital gap among children, with computers from Taiwan, the world’s leader in computer manufacturing.
To Eliminate Foreign-Language Illiteracy: Various courses in English, as a global lingua franca, are offered to develop second-language literacy and to expand access to higher education.
There are two types of learning centers at CTEP:
1). Self-Managed Learning Center (MLC)
Many Cambodian schools divide their student learning session into two groups, each of which attends for half a day. MLC offers after- formal education in the form of afternoon classes for students in public schools’ morning session and formal morning students in public schools enroll in our afternoon classes. There are also evening sessions available to all students.
CTEP creates and develops learning courses, hires and teaches instructors, enrolls and monitors students, evaluates performance, and assesses educational needs in an MLC.
MLC can only be set up and operated within a three-hour drive of the CTEP Center in Siem Reap because to CTEP’s limited staff and financial resources. As a result, CTEP collaborates with public schools and other non-governmental organizations to establish and co-manage learning centers in public schools and/or non-governmental organizations’ classrooms.
2) Co-Managed Learning Center (CLC)
Teachers are assigned and students are enrolled in CLCs by public schools and non-profit organizations. CTEP offers computers, textbooks, and teaching allowance. CTEP visits CLC on a regular basis to ensure that lessons run well and to discuss with instructors about any issues that need to be addressed. CTEP also organizes CLC teachers and administrators’ tours to visit Taiwan, as well as co-organizing Taiwan counterparts’ visits to Cambodia.
CTEP presently manages 20 learning centers, ten of which are MLCs and ten of which are CLCs. All learning centers teach computer skills and/or English. On the following pages, you can find profiles of CTEP Learning Centers.
Student Exam PC: An Overview
A Student Exam PC is a computer setup optimized for taking exams, conducting assessments, or studying. It ensures a secure, reliable, and distraction-free environment suitable for academic purposes. These PCs are often equipped with specialized software and configurations to meet the needs of both students and educational institutions.
1. Key Features of a Student Exam PC
A. Hardware Requirements
-
Processor (CPU):
- Minimum: Dual-core processors (e.g., Intel Core i3 or AMD Ryzen 3).
- Recommended: Quad-core or better (e.g., Intel Core i5 or AMD Ryzen 5) for multitasking and smooth performance.
-
Memory (RAM):
- Minimum: 4GB.
- Recommended: 8GB or higher for handling multiple applications.
-
Storage:
- SSD (Solid State Drive) for faster boot times and application loading.
- Minimum: 128GB for basic needs; 256GB or more for long-term use.
-
Display:
- Resolution: At least 1366x768 pixels for clear visuals.
- Size: 14–15.6 inches for portability and ease of use.
-
Keyboard and Mouse:
- Comfortable and durable for extended typing sessions.
- External options for desktop setups.
-
Battery Life (for Laptops):
- Minimum: 6 hours for exam sessions without interruptions.
-
Webcam and Microphone:
- Essential for online exams and proctored assessments.
-
Network Connectivity:
- Wi-Fi 5 or 6 for stable internet access.
- Ethernet port as a backup.
-
Ports:
- USB, HDMI, and headphone/microphone jacks for peripherals.
B. Software Requirements
Operating System:
- Windows 10/11, macOS, or Linux depending on institutional preferences.
Exam Software:
- Secure platforms like Safe Exam Browser (SEB), Respondus LockDown Browser, or proprietary systems.
Antivirus:
- For security and prevention of malware.
Productivity Tools:
- Microsoft Office, Google Workspace, or similar applications for assignments.
Browser:
- Updated versions of Chrome, Firefox, or Edge for accessing online exams.
2. Security Features
Secure Exam Browsers:
- Restricts access to other applications and prevents cheating.
Proctoring Tools:
- Uses AI or human proctors to monitor the exam environment via webcam and microphone.
Encrypted Data:
- Protects exam files and user information.
Firewall Configuration:
- Prevents unauthorized access to the network during exams.
Controlled Boot Options:
- Limits the ability to boot from external drives or unauthorized operating systems.
3. Preparing a Student Exam PC
A. Pre-Exam Setup
- Install and configure necessary software.
- Check hardware functionality, especially the webcam, microphone, and keyboard.
- Ensure stable internet connectivity.
- Perform a test run of the exam software.
B. During the Exam
- Activate secure exam mode.
- Disable access to non-essential applications.
- Monitor system performance to avoid lag or crashes.
C. Post-Exam
- Backup important data.
- Clear temporary files and cache.
- Update software as needed.
4. Additional Features for Students
- Study Tools:
- Applications like Evernote, OneNote, or Quizlet.
- Focus Modes:
- Software like Cold Turkey or StayFocusd to block distractions.
- Accessibility Features:
- Screen readers, enlarged text, and other options for differently-abled students.
5. Benefits of a Student Exam PC
- Reliability:
- Ensures smooth performance during exams.
- Security:
- Reduces the risk of cheating and unauthorized access.
- Portability (for Laptops):
- Convenient for students in remote learning scenarios.
- Versatility:
- Supports both exams and general academic activities.
6. Recommendations for Purchasing
- Budget Options:
- Acer Aspire 5, Lenovo IdeaPad series.
- Mid-Range Options:
- Dell Inspiron, HP Pavilion series.
- High-End Options:
- Apple MacBook Air/Pro, Microsoft Surface Laptop.
7. Future Trends
- AI Integration:
- Enhanced proctoring and cheating detection.
- Cloud-Based Exams:
- Increased use of cloud platforms for scalability.
- Biometric Authentication:
- Facial recognition or fingerprint scanning for secure login.
8. Tips for Students
- Practice Before the Exam:
- Familiarize yourself with the exam software.
- Backup Work:
- Save answers frequently or enable auto-save.
- Keep the Device Updated:
- Ensure the operating system and software are up-to-date.
A Student Exam PC is an essential tool for modern education, balancing performance, security, and usability to support academic success.
Ta Yaek learning Center
I、The NOGs, Services and Policy
1. NGOs
TEP Culture and Education Association (TEP), established in 2010, is an
NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) from Taiwan dedicated to youth
education, employment promotion and agriculture cooperation in Southeast
Asia. Cambodia Team for Education Program Organization (CTEP), an
NGO registered in Cambodia, is set up and co-managed by TEP.
2. Services
TEP/CTEP provide Education, Employment and Agriculture services in
Cambodia and Vietnam (service map). The goals are :
Education : Activate Computer Skills and eliminate Foreign-Language
Illiteracy.
Employment : Train and assist workers returning from Thailand and
villagers in the rural area to find jobs in their own country.
Agriculture : Increase agriculture productivity and improve farmers’
livelihood by promoting technology transfer and investment.
3. The policy
TEP/CTEP does not build school buildings or distribute financial relief.
Its efforts are entirely in the rural area and technical schools. It
concentrates on providing the computer and language skills and
promoting employment and agriculture cooperation. No discrimination
based on race, sex, religion, national origin and age is acceptable.
Clean class very happy
Name SGT General and Technical High School (SGT) Establishment Oct. 2019
Location Kampong Chhnang Province, 309 km south-west of CTEP Center.
Service area The province has a population of 500,000 with only 12,000 in its capital city.
Classes Computer: Word, Excel, Power Point (ICT)
Students All 1734 students in the school’s 45 classes are currently studying computer
Teachers Mr. Kan Ra, Mr. Chann Phearin, Ms. Reth Channary, Mr. Rith Rathana
Background
Information
Preah Bat Samdach Preah Baromneath Norodom Sihamoni General and Technical
High School is named after the King. The school was a general high school established
in 1982. It was converted into General and Technical High School in 2003. Kampong
Chhnang is not far away from Phnom Penh and therefore many factories move to the
province and need many workers and technicians. The school is located in downtown
of Kampong Chhnang Capital City and is short of classrooms for increasing number of
students.
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Name Battambang (BB1) Establishment 2014.12 Location Battambang city, 185 km west of CTEP Center. Service area Battambang is the capital city of Battambang province in northwestern Cambodia. The city has a population of 200,000. BB1 serves 5 villages of 8,037 people in suburban area. Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet Students There are 3 primary schools and 1 high school nearby, but most of BB1 students are university students. BB1 has completed 14 terms with 1408 students enrolled and 1111 graduated. Currently, 118 students in 8 computer classes are studying in the 15th term. Teachers Lin La : Computer Background Information BB1 is located inside a church. Catholic sisters manage the learning center with support from CTEP. Since Battambang neighbors Thailand, many people in the province migrate to work in Thailand.
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| Name Kampong Kdei (Kdei) Establishment 2018.2 Location A community learning center, 67 km east of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province. Service area Kdei is in Kampong Kdei commune, which is composed by 11 villages of 11,037 population, 4 primary schools and 1 high school. Classes English : Basic and Advanced Students Kdei had completed 3 terms with 644 students enrolled and 537 graduated. The 4 th term has 229 students enrolled in 9 classes. Teachers Seup Kea, Soun Vireak Tit Phoan and Tit Sochea : English Background Information Kdei is one of the poorest communities in Siem Reap. Most villagers are farmers and fishermen who do not benefit from the Tonle Sap river because there is no irrigation system. Kea is Kdei’s founder and manager who is devoted to education. |
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Name Keo Por Secondary School (KRS) Establishment 2018.11
Location 19 km west of CETP Center
Service Area
KRS is in Keo Por commune where there are 3 primary schools and a population of
7,442 in 7 villages.
Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint
Students
KRS has 230 students in years 7-9. All students take computer courses, one hour per
week, in the school’s 5 computer classes.
Term 1 completed with 209 students enrolled and 177 passed
Term 2 : 216 students are studying
Teachers Mr. Net Chandara
Background
Information
KRS is located in a farming area near Baray Lake. Farmers can grow crops even in the
dry season with water from the lake. Young people go to work in Siem Reap during
the Angkor Wat tourism season. Computer skills are needed for jobs in the service industry.
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Name Hun Sen Balang High School (HSB) Establishment 2018.11
Location Kampong Thom Province, 146 km south of CTEP Center.
Service Area
Kampong Thom Province has a population of 795,615 with 59,044 in the Province’s
capital city. There are 6 primary schools, 4 secondary schools and 25 villages near
HSB.
Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint
Students
HSB has 1300 students in years 7-12 and a total of 13 computer classes. Each student
spends two hours a week in the computer class.
Term 1 completed with 518 students enrolled and 453 passed
Term 2 : 586 students are studying
Teachers Mr. Neak Vasokrey
Background
Information
Kampong Thom is an agricultural province. Most young people leave home for jobs in
Phnom Penh and Thailand. The local government is endeavoring to attract manufacturing and service companies to the province and therefore needs more well-educated people. CTEP not only set up computer classes but also support the school’s
sewing classes.
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Name Bavet General and Technical High School (Bavet) Establishment 2018.4
Location Bavet City, Svay Rieng Province, 475 km south east of CTEP Center.
Service Area
Svay Rieng Province has a population of 650,000 of which 370,000 are youth; Bavet
City’s industrial zones employ more than 30,000 workers. There are 4 primary schools
and 2 secondary schools adjacent to the Bavet school.
Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint
Students
Bavet school has 1020 students. There are 28 computer classes with 40 ~ 60 students
in a class.
▪ 2 term completed, with 1876 students enrolled and 1465 passed
▪ Term 3 : 1020 students are studying
Teachers
Mr. Snguon Senhour, Mr. Pech Pul, Mr. Doem Vanda, Mr. Pheny Koy, Mr. Prom Theara,
Mr. Seng Vanna, Mr. Moth Sotheavan, Tha Thi
Background
Information
Bavet is 5 km from the Vietnamese Border Checkpoint. Many factories are moving in
from Vietnam and therefore technicians are in high demand. CTEP sets up a computer classroom in Bavet school to help educate more technicians.
Name Chumpuvorn General and Technical High School (CPV) Establishment 2018.11 Location Phnom Penh City, 322 km south of CTEP Center. Service Area Phnom Penh is Cambodia’s capital and manufacturing center. The metropolitan area has more than 3 million people and thousands of factories. Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint Students CPV has 6800 students in years 7-12 and a total of 24 computer classes. Each student spends one hour per week in the computer class. Term 1 completed with 810 students enrolled and 772 passed Term 2 : 1239 students are studying Teachers Mr. Long Ratha, Mr. Phon Phalla Background Information Cambodia’s manufacturing economy is shifting from a labor-intensive garment to electronics and auto-components industry, which needs increasing numbers of technicians. CPV is surrounded by many factories and its nearby Phnom Penh Special Economic Zone is Cambodia’s best managed industry zone.
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Name Kampong Svay (KPS) Establishment 2016.5
Location a primary school in Kampong Thom province, 162 km south of CTEP Center.
Service Area
4 villages, 14976 population, 3 primary schools, 1 high school in Kampong Thom
province
Classes English : Basic and Advanced
Students
9 terms completed with 1523 students enrolled and 581 graduated
10
th term : 202 in 9 English classes
Teachers Chhut Hoklim and Rin Tourann: English
Background
Information
KPS, located in a primary school in Kampong Thom Province, is far away from the
CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province. CTEP sends senior teachers to supervise and help
teach on a regular basis. The school principal not only helps CTEP’s education program, but also the employment program in the rural area.
Name Prasat Thnong (PT) Establishment 2016.8 Location a temple, 44 km west of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province. Service Area 4 villages, 11345 population, 2 primary schools, 1 secondary school Classes Computer: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, English : Basic and Advanced Students 8 terms completed with 1525 students enrolled and 987 graduated 9 th term : 193 students in 7 English classes and 61 in 4 computer classes Teachers Chhoeung Vuth, Noek Sary: English / Chhoeung Vuth: Computer Background Information PT was initially established in a community building. It later moved into the primary school nearby to improve management and security. In 2016, the learning center moved once again, this time to the temple as it is more populated and parents prefer that their children stay close.
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Name Thnal Establishment 2013.9
Location World Vision Club Activities Center, 75 km east of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province.
Service Area 4 villages, 10954 population, 3 primary schools, 1 secondary school
Classes
Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet
English : Basic and Advanced
Students
19 terms completed with 3655 students enrolled and 2587 graduated
20th term : 214 in 7 English classes and 91 in 5 computer classes
Teachers Ean Dina: English/ Ro Menghok: Computer
Background
Information
World Vision built its activity centers for use on the weekend. During the weekdays,
CTEP uses them as classrooms. With strong support from local government, CTEP expands its education services from one to three classrooms to educate more students
from nearby villages.
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Name Keav Poir (KR) Establishment 2013.9
Location a commune, 18 km west of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province.
Service Area 8 villages, 7370 population, 3 primary schools, 1 secondary school
Classes
Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet
English : Basic and Advanced
Students
18 terms completed with 2202 students enrolled and 1259 graduated
19th term : 138 students in 6 English classes and 62 in 4 computer classes
Teachers Sot Sim and Heng Sophoung: English / Net Chandara : Computer
Background
Information
A thatched classroom next to the commune hall was built by Taiwan Shih Chien University. Rural youth from neighboring villages come to learn computer skills and English in the classroom. The learning center further expanded in 2018 to open a computer class in the nearby secondary school (KRS).
Name Stueng Preah Srok (SPS) Establishment 2013.9 Location a primary school, 23 km west of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province. Service Area 5 villages, 5782 population, 3 primary schools, 1 secondary school Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Photoshop, Internet English : Basic and Advanced Students 18 terms completed with 5560 students enrolled and 3603 graduated 19 th term : 297 students in 13 English classes and 117 in 6 computer classes Teachers Ke Bunthong, Am Sereyrath and Chann Saven : English / Saron Kong : Computer Background Information Taiwan Shih Chien University built two thatched classrooms in the primary school. Internet facilities have been set up for advanced computer courses. Four teachers are hired to teach growing numbers of students. With strong support from the school principal and village chief, SPS has grown into one of the largest CTEP learning centers.
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Name Doun Sva (DS) Establishment 2015.8
Location a primary school, 53 km west of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province.
Service Area 4 villages, 2964 population, 3 primary schools, 1 high school
Classes English : Basic and Advanced
Students 12 terms completed with 2542 students enrolled and 1710 graduated
Teachers Ye Sea: English
Background
Information
The primary school building was donated by an American Foundation. The school
principal helps enroll students and supervises the teachers. DS used to have both
computer and English classes. In 2018, CTEP started a computer class in a high school
(AC) nearby and discontinued the computer courses in DS.
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Name CTEP Center Establishment 2010.7
Location Siem Reap City, 2 km from downtown、8 km to Angkor Wat.
Service Area Manage all learning centers across the country.
Classes Previously, computer, English and Chinese, currently Chinese only at the center.
Students
Computer and English classes: 1510 students enrolled and 1100 graduated
Chinese classes: 881 students enrolled and 506 graduated
Teachers Volunteers from Taiwan, Hong Kong, Malaysia and China
Background
Information
CTEP Center is the CTEP Head Office. The management team works in the center and
rural teachers come here for retraining twice a month. Previously, there were large
Computer, English and Chinese classes, but now only a small number of local students study Chinese here because volunteers are busy managing the increasing numbers of rural learning centers.
Name Tasne Establishment 2013.2 Location a primary school, 23 km west of the CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province. Service Area 4 villages, 3074 population, 2 primary schools, 1 secondary school. Classes Computer: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet English: Basic and Advanced Students 22 terms completed with 1761 students enrolled and 1139 graduated 23 rd term : 119 students in 5 English classes and 76 in 4 computer classes Teachers Chum Sokhom: English / Roeun Ty : Computer Background Information The Learning Center is sponsored by Dr. Ruan of Taiwan’s Peng-Hu Dental Association and managed by CTEP. The management was transferred to a Christian Church in 2014 for two years and returned to CTEP in 2016. The classroom, previously in a small village house, is now inside a primary school.Name Danroun (DR) Establishment 2013.3 Location a temple, 35 km east of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province. Service Area 6 villages, 15,000 population, 3 primary schools, 2 high schools. Classes Computer: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet English: Basic and Advanced Students 19 terms completed with 3479 students enrolled and 2517 graduated 20 nd term : 165 students in 7 English classes and 99 in 5 computer classes Teachers Toem Seyha and En Chansovichet : English / Yut Meysin : Computer Background Information The Learning Center was established inside Danroun Temple to educate the temple’s monks and nearby villagers. Chief monk helps enroll students and supervise teachers. In 2018, the temple built a new building and moved the CTEP Learning Center to new classrooms inside the building.
Name Bakong (BK) Establishment 2013.3
Location a local NGO classroom, 13 km east of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province.
Service Area 3 villages, 4578 population, 2 primary schools, 1 high school
Classes Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Photoshop, Internet
Students 20 terms completed with 1649 students enrolled and 1194 graduated
Teachers Pres Aok and Lit Ly: Computer
Background
Information
Bakong is operated by a local NGO. Since it is near Angkor Wat, many backpackers
from Europe and Australia teach English here during their short stay in Cambodia.
CTEP set up two computer classrooms in Bakong to teach locals and monks basic and
advanced computer skills. Due to fund shortage, one of the two CTEP computer classrooms was closed.
Name Ta Yaek (TY) Establishment 2013.8
Location a temple, 43 km east of CTEP Center in Siem Reap Province.
Service Area 5 villages, 8265 population, 3 primary schools, 1 secondary school
Classes
Computer : Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet
English : Basic and Advanced
Students
19 terms completed with 2656 students enrolled and 1771 graduated
20th term : 173 in 6 English classes and 108 in 7 computer classes
Teachers Chhourm Sreymom: English/ Rin Sopheak: Computer
Background
Information
Sponsored by Dr. Ruan of Taiwan’s Peng-Hu Dental Association, the Learning Center
was originally set up in an empty classroom donated by Japanese. It later moved into
a pagoda where there are more students and better security. The monks help enroll
students and supervise the teachers. Dr. Ruan come here frequently to offer free
dental service.
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Agriculture Cooperation: 48 Cambodians were invited to Taiwan for visits, trainings or
exhibitions since 2018. More exchange visits are being arranged for trade and investment promotion and technology transfer to upgrade Cambodian agriculture and improve the lives of Cambodian farmers.
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| Cambodia-Taiwan Education Program (CTEP) TEP Culture and Education Association (TEP) A total of 36 learning centers have been established by CTEP in Cambodia. 22 centers remain in operation after closure of 14 centers for various reasons. In addition to CTEP learning centers, TEP supports seven vocational training centers in Cambodia and establishes two learning centers for the Vietnam-Taiwan Education Program (VTEP) in Vietnam. CTEP has two types of learning centers : |
Of the 22 learning centers currently under CTEP management, 13 are SLC and 9 are CLC. Computer skills and/or English are taught in all learning centers. Chinese is taught only at CTEP Center in Siem Reap. Profiles of CTEP Learning Centers are illustrated in the following pages.
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TEP Culture and Education Association (TEP)
TEP Culture and Education Association (TEP), established in 2010, is an NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) from Taiwan dedicated to youth education, employment promotion
and agriculture cooperation in Southeast Asia.
 |
| I. TEP Development History TEP started its Cambodia services in 2010, followed by Vietnam Services in 2018. TEP Laos Services is scheduled to start in 2020. In Cambodia, TEP has set up Cambodia Team for Education Program Organization (CTEP) which is an NGO registered with Cambodia government. Similar NGOs will be registered in Vietnam and Laos. Cambodia : CTEP Rice Soup Students Lunches (2010 ~ 2011 ended) Cambodia : CTEP Urban Education (2011 ~ 2013 ended) Cambodia : CTEP Rural Education (2012 ~) Cambodia : CTEP Youth Employment (2015 ~) Cambodia : CTEP Agricultural Cooperation (2018 ~) Vietnam : VTEP Rural Education (2018 ~) Laos : LTEP Rural Education (2020 ~) |
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II. TEP Policy and Governance
1) The policy : TEP does not build school buildings or distribute financial relief. Its efforts
are entirely in the rural area and concentrated on providing the computer and language skills education and promoting employment and agriculture cooperation.
2) The Governance : No paid staff, rented office, and other admin expenses in Taiwan.
No house and other fixed assets in Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos. All funds and resources are committed to education, employment and agriculture. Quarterly Reports
are published online for management and financial transparency.
III. TEP Goals 1) TEP Education Goals To Narrow Digital Gap : Practical computer skills are taught to narrow the digital gap among children, with computers from Taiwan, the world’s leader in computer manufacturing. To Eliminate Foreign-Language Illiteracy : Various courses of English, as a global lingua franca, are offered to develop the second-language literacy and to expand access to higher education.
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PC (Personal Computer): An Overview
A PC (Personal Computer) is a versatile and widely used electronic device designed for individual use. PCs are capable of performing a variety of tasks, including word processing, browsing the internet, gaming, graphic design, video editing, programming, and more. They are essential tools in education, business, entertainment, and personal productivity.
1. Types of PCs
A. Based on Form Factor
-
Desktop PCs:
- Stationary computers with separate components like a monitor, CPU, keyboard, and mouse.
- Suitable for offices, homes, and gaming setups.
- Example: Dell OptiPlex, HP Pavilion.
-
Laptops:
- Portable computers with integrated display, keyboard, and trackpad.
- Designed for on-the-go use.
- Example: MacBook, Lenovo ThinkPad.
-
All-in-One PCs:
- Combines the monitor and CPU into a single unit.
- Saves space and reduces cable clutter.
- Example: Apple iMac, HP All-in-One.
-
Mini PCs:
- Compact devices with basic functionality.
- Ideal for light tasks and media consumption.
- Example: Intel NUC, Raspberry Pi.
-
Gaming PCs:
- High-performance machines optimized for gaming.
- Features powerful GPUs, high-speed RAM, and advanced cooling systems.
- Example: Alienware, ASUS ROG.
B. Based on Usage
-
Workstation PCs:
- Built for professional use in demanding applications like 3D rendering and video editing.
- Example: Lenovo ThinkStation, HP Z-series.
-
Home PCs:
- General-purpose computers for everyday tasks like web browsing and streaming.
- Example: Acer Aspire series.
-
Server PCs:
- Designed for hosting applications and managing networks.
- Example: Dell PowerEdge.
2. Core Components of a PC
-
Processor (CPU):
- The brain of the computer that executes instructions.
- Key Brands: Intel, AMD.
- Example: Intel Core i5, AMD Ryzen 7.
-
Memory (RAM):
- Temporary storage that helps the computer perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
- Typical Range: 4GB–64GB.
-
Storage:
- Permanent data storage.
- Types:
- HDD (Hard Disk Drive): Higher capacity but slower.
- SSD (Solid State Drive): Faster but more expensive.
- Example: 1TB HDD, 512GB SSD.
-
Motherboard:
- The main circuit board connecting all components.
-
Graphics Card (GPU):
- Handles rendering of images, videos, and games.
- Key Brands: NVIDIA, AMD.
-
Power Supply Unit (PSU):
- Converts electricity to power the components.
-
Cooling System:
- Keeps components at optimal temperatures.
- Types: Air cooling, liquid cooling.
-
Input Devices:
- Keyboard, mouse, webcam, microphone.
-
Output Devices:
- Monitor, speakers, printer.
3. Operating Systems
-
Windows:
- Most popular OS for general and professional use.
- Example: Windows 10, Windows 11.
-
macOS:
- Exclusive to Apple devices.
- Known for its sleek design and performance.
-
Linux:
- Open-source and customizable.
- Example: Ubuntu, Fedora.
-
Chrome OS:
- Lightweight OS for internet-based applications.
- Example: Google Chromebooks.
4. Features of a Modern PC
- Multitasking:
- Run multiple applications simultaneously.
- Connectivity:
- Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet, USB, HDMI, and Thunderbolt ports.
- Customizability:
- Desktop PCs can be upgraded with better components.
- Performance:
- PCs are scalable for light to heavy-duty tasks.
- Portability:
- Laptops and mini PCs offer greater mobility.
5. Applications of PCs
- Education:
- Online learning, research, and assignments.
- Business:
- Document processing, presentations, and communication.
- Gaming:
- Playing video games and streaming.
- Creative Work:
- Graphic design, video editing, and music production.
- Entertainment:
- Watching movies, listening to music, and browsing the internet.
- Programming:
- Writing and testing software applications.
6. Advantages of PCs
- Versatility:
- Can perform a wide range of tasks.
- Scalability:
- Easily upgradeable (especially desktops).
- Affordability:
- Options available for every budget.
- Customizability:
- Tailored to specific needs like gaming or productivity.
7. Disadvantages of PCs
- Vulnerability:
- Susceptible to malware and cyberattacks without proper security.
- Maintenance:
- Requires regular updates and hardware care.
- Portability:
- Desktops are not portable compared to laptops.
8. How to Choose the Right PC
- Purpose:
- Define whether it's for work, gaming, or general use.
- Budget:
- Balance performance and affordability.
- Performance Needs:
- Consider CPU, GPU, RAM, and storage.
- Brand Reputation:
- Trusted brands offer better warranties and support.
- Portability:
- Opt for laptops if mobility is a priority.
9. Popular PC Brands
- For Desktops:
- Dell, HP, ASUS, Lenovo.
- For Laptops:
- Apple, Acer, Microsoft, MSI.
- For Gaming:
- Alienware, Razer, ASUS ROG.
- For Workstations:
- Lenovo ThinkStation, Dell Precision.
10. Future Trends in PCs
- AI Integration:
- Smarter systems with AI-enhanced performance.
- Quantum Computing:
- Next-level processing capabilities.
- Sustainability:
- Eco-friendly designs and energy-efficient components.
- 5G Integration:
- Faster connectivity for seamless internet usage.
The PC remains an indispensable tool in the digital era, evolving to meet the diverse needs of users in education, business, and entertainment.
device
Solid State Drive (SSD) Overview
A Solid State Drive (SSD) is a type of storage device that uses flash memory to store data. Unlike traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), SSDs have no moving parts, making them faster, more durable, and energy-efficient.
1. Structure of an SSD
A. Key Components
-
NAND Flash Memory:
- Non-volatile memory that stores data even when the device is powered off.
- Made up of cells organized into blocks and pages.
-
Controller:
- Manages the data stored on NAND flash.
- Handles wear leveling, garbage collection, and error correction.
-
DRAM Cache:
- Optional component in some SSDs.
- Temporary storage for frequently accessed data to improve performance.
-
Interface:
- Connects the SSD to the computer.
- Common interfaces include SATA, PCIe, and NVMe.
2. How SSDs Work
-
Data Storage:
- Stores data in NAND cells using electrical charges to represent binary values (0 and 1).
- Cells can be classified as:
- SLC (Single-Level Cell): One bit per cell (fastest and most durable).
- MLC (Multi-Level Cell): Two bits per cell (balanced performance).
- TLC (Triple-Level Cell): Three bits per cell (higher capacity, lower durability).
- QLC (Quad-Level Cell): Four bits per cell (highest capacity, lowest durability).
-
Reading and Writing Data:
- Reading: Electrical signals retrieve the data stored in cells.
- Writing: Electrical charges alter the state of cells to record new data.
-
Garbage Collection:
- Cleans up unused data blocks to optimize performance and space.
-
Wear Leveling:
- Distributes writes evenly across cells to extend the SSD’s lifespan.
3. Characteristics of SSDs
A. Performance
- Faster data access speeds compared to HDDs.
- Lower latency for reading/writing operations.
- Ideal for operating systems, applications, and gaming.
B. Durability
- No moving parts make SSDs resistant to physical shock and vibration.
- Longer lifespan with proper management, though dependent on write cycles.
C. Energy Efficiency
- Consumes less power, ideal for laptops and portable devices.
D. Size and Form Factor
- Slim and lightweight.
- Available in multiple sizes:
- 2.5-inch SATA: Similar in size to traditional HDDs.
- M.2 and U.2: Compact designs for modern devices.
- PCIe Add-In Cards: For desktops and high-performance systems.
4. Types of SSDs
A. SATA SSDs
- Connect via SATA interface.
- Slower compared to PCIe SSDs but more affordable.
- Compatible with older systems.
B. NVMe SSDs
- Use the PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) interface.
- Faster than SATA SSDs due to higher bandwidth.
- Ideal for high-performance tasks.
C. External SSDs
- Portable storage devices connected via USB or Thunderbolt.
- Used for backups and additional storage.
5. Advantages of SSDs
- Speed: Faster boot times, file transfers, and application loading.
- Durability: Resistant to shocks and physical wear.
- Energy Efficiency: Lower power consumption prolongs battery life in laptops.
- Compact Size: Suitable for slim laptops and modern devices.
- Silent Operation: No noise due to the lack of moving parts.
6. Disadvantages of SSDs
- Cost: More expensive per gigabyte than HDDs.
- Write Cycle Limitations: Limited number of write operations (though modern SSDs have improved durability).
- Data Recovery Challenges: Harder to recover data in case of failure.
7. SSD vs. HDD Comparison
| Feature | SSD | HDD |
|---|---|---|
| Speed | Much faster | Slower |
| Durability | More durable | Prone to mechanical failure |
| Cost | More expensive | More affordable |
| Capacity | Typically up to 8TB | Often up to 20TB or more |
| Energy Efficiency | More efficient | Less efficient |
| Noise | Silent | Noisy due to moving parts |
8. Common Applications of SSDs
- Consumer Devices: Laptops, desktops, and gaming consoles for improved performance.
- Enterprise Storage: Data centers and servers for faster data processing.
- Professional Workstations: Video editing, 3D modeling, and software development.
- Portable Devices: External SSDs for reliable, fast storage.
9. Maintenance and Optimization
- Firmware Updates: Keep SSD firmware updated for better performance.
- Trim Command: Enables the operating system to inform the SSD about unused blocks for garbage collection.
- Avoid Overwriting: Limit frequent write-intensive operations.
- Regular Backups: Protect data against unforeseen failures.
10. The Future of SSDs
- Increased Capacity: Advances in NAND technology allow higher storage densities.
- Cost Reduction: Growing production and competition are lowering prices.
- Performance Boosts: Adoption of PCIe 5.0 and beyond for faster data transfer.
- Integration with AI: AI-driven storage management for enhanced efficiency.
SSDs are increasingly becoming the preferred choice for modern computing due to their speed, reliability, and energy efficiency. While HDDs remain useful for bulk storage, SSDs dominate in performance-critical applications.
